The main differences between lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries are as follows
2024.06.28
The main differences between lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries are as follows:
1. Energy density
The energy density of ternary lithium batteries is usually higher than that of lithium iron phosphate batteries. This makes the range of electric vehicles using ternary lithium batteries relatively longer.
For example, with the same size battery pack, a ternary lithium battery can drive a vehicle for more than 500 kilometers, while a lithium iron phosphate battery may be around 400 kilometers.
2. Security
Lithium iron phosphate batteries have better thermal stability, are relatively safer in high-temperature environments, and are less prone to thermal runaway.
The risk of fire in ternary lithium batteries is relatively high when subjected to extreme conditions such as collision, compression, or high temperature.
3. Cycle life
The cycle life of lithium iron phosphate batteries is generally longer than that of ternary lithium batteries, and they can withstand more charges and discharges.
Usually, lithium iron phosphate batteries can be cycled more than 2000 times, while ternary lithium batteries can be cycled between 1000 and 2000 times.
4. Cost
The raw material cost of lithium iron phosphate batteries is relatively low, so the price is relatively cheap.
Ternary lithium batteries have higher costs due to the presence of precious metals such as cobalt.
5. Low temperature performance
Ternary lithium batteries perform better in low-temperature environments and have stronger discharge capabilities.
Lithium iron phosphate batteries experience significant capacity degradation at low temperatures. For example, in cold winter, the range attenuation of electric vehicles using ternary lithium batteries is relatively small.
6. Charging speed
The charging speed of ternary lithium batteries is generally faster than that of lithium iron phosphate batteries.
In practical applications, both types of batteries have their own advantages and disadvantages. Some scenarios that prioritize safety and cost may choose lithium iron phosphate batteries, while scenarios that require higher range and charging speed may prefer ternary lithium batteries.
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